Which medication may be used to alleviate allergic reactions to contrast media?

Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that is commonly used to alleviate allergic reactions, including those related to contrast media used in imaging procedures. It works by blocking histamine receptors, which helps to reduce symptoms such as itching, hives, and swelling that can occur as a reaction to allergens, including contrast agents. Diphenhydramine can effectively mitigate mild to moderate allergic responses, making it a suitable choice in clinical settings where patients may experience such reactions after receiving contrast media.

While acetaminophen is effective for pain relief and reducing fever, it does not have antihistamine properties and, therefore, is not effective in treating allergic reactions. Air and saline do not possess any pharmacological actions that would address allergic symptoms; air has no therapeutic benefit in this context, and saline is primarily used for hydration, washing, or as a diluent. Consequently, diphenhydramine emerges as the appropriate medication for managing allergic reactions to contrast media due to its specific action on histamine.